Umar Mohideen
Professor and Divisional Dean, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Ph.D. 1992, Columbia University
Research Areas
Experimental Condensed Matter Physics
My main research focus has been on studies of quantum fluctuations through pioneering experiments on precision force measurements of the normal Casimir force using micro cantilever techniques. I have also made extensive investigations of the geometry dependence of the Casimir force through measurements of the lateral Casimir force using periodic diffraction gratings. In addition, I have an active experimental biophysics research program involving investigations of single molecule interactions and bio membranes. While the contributions in all areas have been noteworthy, with publications in highly reputed journals, the work on the Casimir force continues to attract widespread international attention. For example, our pioneering measurement of the normal Casimir force has 547 citations, and our review article on the subject has 618 citations. I have recently coauthored an invited review for the Reviews of Modern Physics and published a 768 page book titled "Advances in the Casimir effect" by Oxford University Press which was selected to be part of their premier section, International Series of Monographs in Physics. I have also given over 8 plenary conference talks, and over 20 colloquia at universities and national labs. The research is well supported with NSF, DOE and DARPA grants. Our results have also been used to set the best constraints (for certain distance ranges) on the existence of new particles and extra dimensions. The results have also been used by the engineering community in the fabrication and design of Micro-Electromechanical Systems (MEMS).
1. 1 Precision Measurements of the Casimir Force: Casimir was the first to realize that the bounding of vacuum fluctuations would lead to macrsoscopic quantum effects. He predicted that the introduction of two neutral parallel metal plates will change the properties of the quantum electromagnetic vacuum, and would result in an attractive force between them. This extraordinary outcome was later theoretically predicted to be even more exotic, with the force being attractive or repulsive depending on the geometry of the boundary.
Sparnaay and 20 years later, Overbeek et al. qualitatively demonstrated the Casimir force. Other measurements of the Casimir force between 1956-1996 were performed with dielectric test bodies for which great ambiguity is introduced due to the large value of uncompensated electrostatic errors. More recently, the Casimir force was demonstrated by Lamoreaux using a torsion pendulum. We pioneered the use of the microcantilever based precision measurements of the Casimir force, which has now become the technique of choice used by almost all major groups for Casimir force measurements and near-field radiative heat transfer worldwide. The key advantages we pioneered were: (i) use of microfabricated cantilevers with a force sensitivity of 10-14 N, (ii) use of light and almost ideally smooth polystyrene spheres made from liquid phase (critically important given the problems leading from mechanically polished lens still being faced by others), (iii) techniques to independently measure the separation on contact (non zero due to roughness) and the residual potential difference between the surfaces, and (iv) corrections due to finite conductivity of metal and roughness.
1.2 Material Dependences: After improved measurements using metals, we made the first precision measurements of the material dependences of the Casimir force using silicon surfaces and showed that it is 30% lower compared to gold. This required development of a special high vacuum AFM and surface protection to prevent oxidation of the silicon. New consistency checks had to be developed given the decreased conductivity of silicon. With these improvements we were even able to demonstrate the role of the carrier density in the Casimir force by measuring the difference in the Casimir force between two materials with different dopant densities.
1.3 Optical Modulation of the Casimir force and puzzles with Lifshitz theory: The boundary material dependences of the Casimir force are taken into account through the permittivity by the Lifshitz theory. In 2000, it was realized that the calculation of the Casimir force using the Lifshitz theory at non-zero temperature is non trivial due to the combined roles of zero point and real photons which interact with lossy metallic boundaries. We tested this through an experiment which was the first demonstration of the optical modulation of the Casimir force. Here, light was used to change the carrier density of a specially designed silicon membrane and the corresponding change in the Casimir force was measured through a phase dependent technique. The silicon carrier density was changed from the dielectric phase to above critical (metallic phase). The inclusion of the dc conductivity of the silicon in the Lifshitz theory was found to disagree with the experiment. The same now has been found for the Casimir-Polder force with Bose Einstein Condensates in experiments in Cornell et al.. These developments have led recently to suggested modifications of the Lifshitz theory which are still not conclusive. We are continuing with more precise experiments to probe the anomalies using materials with different relaxation loss parameters.
1.4 Experimental Achievements with Shape Dependent Casimir Forces including the Lateral Casimir Force: In 2002, we extended our earlier work on shape dependent Casimir Forces by performing the first experimental demonstration of the lateral Casimir forces which acts parallel to the two surfaces used. This was the first experimental observation of an effect that was theoretically predicted in 1997. We demonstrated it between two aligned surfaces, imprinted with nanoscale sinusoidal corrugations. The need to imprint aligned nanoscale corrugations makes the experiment extremely difficult (crossover of axis leads to zero force). The lateral Casimir force measured was about a few hundred femto Newtons (10-13 N). This spurred theoretical predictions on the role of diffraction like coherent scattering of zero point photons from the periodic corrugations. After six years of experimentation we have finally succeeded in demonstrating these coherent zero point effects in the lateral force. They required the use of aligned corrugations on the same scale as the separation distance of between 120-170 nm. Note that the Casimir force decreases rapidly with distance and therefore small corrugation periods are required for the demonstration. The lateral Casimir force, is now recognized to have strong potential to bring about non contact motion in nanoscale gears, ratchets and pinion which would otherwise be difficult due to abrasion from contact.
New theories that attempt at unifying all the fundamental forces predict the existence of extra dimensions and a host of new particles. Both of these effects lead to deviations from Newtonian gravity. For sub micron distance between two bodies, the Casimir force far exceeds the gravitational force. Thus understanding the Casimir force is very important for checking the relevance of these unification theories. In this regard our precision measurements of the Casimir force have been used to set the strongest limits on the existence of new particles and extra dimensions in the 100nm distance range.
From the view point of applications, the role of the Casimir force in MEMS has been well recognized in the last few years. At device distance below 100 nanometers, the Casimir force becomes comparable or even exceeds the electric force which is normally used to actuate MEMS. Thus the Casimir effect is a serious limiting factor in the fabrication and operation of MEMS. This has motivated growing interest from the engineering community on ways to control and modify the Casimir force.
2. Bio-Physics: We are using our expertise in sensitive force measurement techniques to study the interaction between single molecules involved in signal transmission in the human brain. This is collaborative research done with biologists. In particular we have focused on the interaction of proteins that lead to the release of neurotransmitters, which is still poorly understood. Single molecule techniques are ideal as we demonstrated that only one set, is sufficient to anchor neurotransmitter containing vesicles to the plasma membrane of neurons. In addition, we have used the technique to prove the Jarzynski equality of non equilibrium thermodynamics. This theorem provides a method to obtain equilibrium energies from nonequilibrium measurements as encountered in all single molecule measurements. It is applicable only to microscopic systems and thus is ideal for single molecule systems. Prior to our work there was one demonstration using optical tweezers and a single RNA attached to beads with long linkers. Our AFM based single molecule demonstration used point like rigid attachment of the molecules, was applied to intermolecular bonds and used the temperature dependence of the binding energy to confirm the approach to the adiabatic limit. We have also used our single molecule detection sensitivity to design a detector for neurotoxins. This was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Awards Received
- Fellow of the American Physical Society (2004)
- Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (2006)
Publications
Books Authored:
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- 1. M. Bordag, G.L. Klimchitskaya, U. Mohideen and V.M. Mostepanenko, "Advances in the Casimir Effect." 768 pages Published by Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, May 2009. (Selected to be part of their premier series "International Series of Monographs on Physics")
Peer Reviewed Journal Publications:
1. U. Mohideen, H.W.K. Tom, R.R. Freeman, J. Bokor and P.H. Bucksbaum, "Interaction of free electrons with an intense focused laser pulse in Gaussian and conical axicon geometries," Journal of Optical Society of America B, Vol. 9, pp. 2190-95 (1992).
2. M.H. Sher, U. Mohideen, H.W.K. Tom, O.R. Wood, G. Aumiller, and R.R. Freeman, "Soft X-ray Pulse-length Measurement by Pump-Probe Absorption Spectroscopy", Optics Letters, Vol. 18, pp. 646-48 (1993).
3. R.E. Slusher, A.F.J. Levi, U. Mohideen, S.L. McCall, S.J. Pearton and R.A. Logan, "Threshold Characteristics of Semiconductor Microdisk Lasers", Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 63, pp. 1310-12 (1993).
4. U. Mohideen, M.H. Sher, H.W.K. Tom, G.D. Aumiller, O.R. Wood II, R.R. Freeman, and J. Bokor, "High Intensity Above-Threshold Ionization of He", Physical Review Letters, Vol. 71, pp. 509-512 (1993).
5. W.S. Hobson, U. Mohideen, S.J. Pearton, R.E. Slusher and F. Ren, "SiNx Passivated GaAs/AlGaAs Microdisk Lasers", Electronics Letters, Vol. 29, pp. 2199-00 (1994).
6. U. Mohideen, W.S. Hobson, S.J. Pearton, R.E. Slusher and F. Ren, "GaAs/AlGaAs Microdisk Lasers", Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 64, pp. 1911-13 (1994).
7. U. Mohideen, R.E. Slusher, F. Jahnke and Stephan Koch, "Semiconductor Microlaser Linewidths", Physical Review Letters, Vol. 73, pp.1785-88 (1994).
8. W.S. Hobson, F. Ren, U. Mohideen, and R.E. Slusher, “Silicon nitride encapsulation of sulfide passivated GaAs/AlGaAs microdisk lasers,” Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology, Vol.13, pp. 642-45 (1995).
9. U. Mohideen, R.E. Slusher, V. Mizrahi, T. Erdogan, M. Kuwata-Gonokami, P.J. Lemaire, J.E. Sipe, G.Martijn de Sterke, Neil G.R. Broderick, "Gap Solitons in Fiber Gratings," Optics Letters, Vol. 20, pp. 1674-76 (1995).
10. T.J. Yang, U. Mohideen, Mool C. Gupta, “ Near-field scanning optical microscopy of ferroelectric domain walls,” Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 71, pp. 1960-63 (1997).
11. U. Mohideen, H.U. Rahman, M.A. Smith, M. Rosenberg and D.A. Mendis, “Intergrain coupling in dusty plasma Coulomb crystals,” Physical Review Letters, Vol. 81, pp. 349- 52 (1998).
12. T.J. Yang and U. Mohideen, “Nanoscale measurement of ferroelectric domain wall strain and energy by near-field scanning optical microscopy,” Physics Letters A, Vol. 250, pp. 205-210 (1998).
13. U. Mohideen and A. Roy, “Precision measurement of the Casimir force from 0.1 to 0.9mm,” Physical Review Letters, Vol. 81, pp. 4549-52 (1998).
14. T.J. Yang, U. Mohideen, V. Gopalan and P. Swart, “Observation and mobility study of single 180o domain walls using a Near-field Scanning Optical Microscope,” Ferroelectrics, Vol. 222, pp. 351-358 (1999).
15. T. Tumer, D. Bhattacharya, U. Mohideen, R. Rieben, V. Souchkov, H. Tom, J. Zweerink, “Solar Two Gamma-Ray Observatory,” Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 11, pp. 271-3 (1999).
16. T.J. Yang, V. Gopalan, P. Swart and U. Mohideen, “Direct observation of pinning and bowing of a single ferroelectric domain wall,” Physical Review Letters, Vol. 82, pp. 4106-8 (1999).
17. A. Roy and U. Mohideen, “Demonstration of the non-trivial boundary dependence of the Casimir force,” Physical Review Letters, Vol. 82, pp. 4380-83 (1999).
18. G. L. Klimchitskaya, A. Roy, U. Mohideen, and V.M. Mostepanenko, “Complete roughness and finite conductivity corrections for the recent Casimir force measurement,” Physical Review A, Vol. 60, pp. 3487-95 (1999).
19. U. Mohideen and A. Roy, Reply to “Comment on Precision measurement of the Casimir force from 0.1 to 0.9mm,” Physical Review Letters, Vol. 83, pp. 3341 (1999).
20. A. Roy, C.Y. Lin and U. Mohideen, “Improved precision measurement of the Casimir force,” Physical Review D, Rapid Communication, Vol. 60, pp.111101-05 (1999).
21.T.J. Yang, V. Gopalan, P. Swart, U. Mohideen, “Experimental study of internal fields and movement of single ferroelectric domain walls,” Journal of the Physics and Chemistry of Solids, Vol. 61, p.275-82 (2000).
22. A. Roy, C.Y. Lin and U. Mohideen, “Measurement of the Casimir Force using an Atomic Force Microscope,” Comments on Atomic and Molecular Physics, Issue D2, pp. 263-275, (2000).
23. G.L. Klimchitskaya, U. Mohideen, V.M. Mostepanenko, "Casimir and van der Waals forces between two plates or a sphere (lens) above a plate made of real metals,” Physical Review A, Vol. 61, pp.062107/1-12 (2000).
24. B.W. Harris, F. Chen, U. Mohideen, "Precision measurement of the Casimir force using gold surfaces", Physical Review A, Vol. 62, pp.052109/1-5 (2000).
25. H.U. Rahman, U. Mohideen, M.A. Smith, M. Rosenberg, D.A. Mendis, “Grain dynamics and inter-grain coupling in dusty plasma Coulomb crystals,” Physica Scripta, Vol.T89, pp.186-90 (2001).
26. A. Roy, U. Mohideen, “A verification of quantum field theory - measurement of Casimir force,” Pramana, Journal of Physics, Vol.56, (no.2-3), pp.239-43 (2001).
27. M.A. Smith, J. Goodrich, H.U. Rahman, U. Mohideen, "Measurement of grain charge in dusty plasma Coulomb crystals,” IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, Vol.29, (no.2, pt.1), pp.216-20 (2001).
28. F. Chen, U. Mohideen, "Fiber optic interferometry for precision measurement of the voltage and frequency dependence of the displacement of piezoelectric tubes". Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol.72, p.3100-2 (2001).
29. M. Bordag, U. Mohideen, V.M. Mostepanenko, "New Developments in the Casimir Effect," Physics Reports, Vol. 353/1-3, pp.1-205 (2001).
30. F. Chen, U. Mohideen, G.l. Klimchitskaya and V.M. Mostepanenko, "Demonstration of the Lateral Casimir Force," Physical Review Letters, Vol. 88 (10), pp. 101801-4 (2002).
31. F. Chen, U. Mohideen, G.l. Klimchitskaya and V.M. Mostepanenko, "Experimental and theoretical investigation of the lateral Casimir force between corrugated surfaces,” Physical Review A, Vol. 66 (3), pp. 0321131-15 (2002).
32. F. Chen, U. Mohideen, G.l. Klimchitskaya and V.M. Mostepanenko, "New Features in the thermal Casimir Force at small separations," Physical Review Letters, Vol. 90 (16), pp. 160404 1-4 (2003).
33. G.L. Klimchitskaya, U. Mohideen, “Constraints on Yukawa type hypothetical interactions from recent Casimir force measurements,” International Journal of Modern Physics A, Vol. 17 (29): pp. 4143-4152 (2002).
34. W. Liu, V. Montana, E.R. Chapman, U. Mohideen and V. Parpura, “Botulinum toxin type B micromechanosensor,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol.100 (23), pp. 13621-13625 (2003).
35. F. Chen, U. Mohideen, G.l. Klimchitskaya and V.M. Mostepanenko, " Theory confronts experiment in the Casimir force measurements: quantification of errors and precision," Physical Review A, Vol. 69: pp. 022117 1-11 (2004).
36. E.V. Blagov, G.L. Klimchitskaya, U. Mohideen and V.M. Mostepanenko, “Control of the lateral Casimir force between corrugated surfaces,” Physical Review A, Vol. 69: pp. 044103 1-4, (2004).
37. Z.Q. Zou, Wei LY, Chen F, U. Mohideen, D. Bocian, “Solution STM images of porphyrins on HOPG reveal that subtle differences in molecular structure dramatically alter packing geometry Journal of Porphorins and Phthalocyanines Vol. 9, pp. 387-392 (2005).
38. F. Chen F, Mohideen U, Milonni PW, “Limits on non-Newtonian gravity and hypothetical forces from measurements of the Casimir force,” International Journal of Modern Physics A, Vol. 20, pp. 2222-2231 (2005).
39. F. Chen, Mohideen U, Klimchitskaya GL, and V.M. Mostepanenko, “Investigation of the Casimir force between metal and semiconductor test bodies,” Physical Review A, Rapid Communication, Vol. 72, pp. 020101-1-4, (2005).
40. W. Liu, V. Montana, J. Bai, E.R. Chapman, U. Mohideen, and V. Parpura, “Single molecule mechanical probing of the SNARE protein interactions,” Biophysical Journal, Vol. 91, No.2, p. 744-758 (2006).
41. F. Chen, U. Mohideen , “Recent experimental advances in precision Casimir force measurement with the Atomic Force Microscope, Journal of Physics A, 39 , 6233-6244 (2006).
42. G.L. Klimchitskaya, F. Chen, R.S. Decca, E. Fishbach, D.E. Krause, D. Lopez, U. Mohideen and V.M. Mostepanenko, , “Rigorous approach to the comparison between experiment and theory in Casimir force measurements,” Journal of Physics A, 39 , 6485-6493 (2006).
43. F. Chen, U. Mohideen , G.L. Klimchitskaya, V.M. Mostepanenko, “ Experimental test for the conductivity properties from the Casimir force between metal and semiconductor, ” Physical Review A, 74, Article Number: 023103 (2006).
44 . F. Chen, G.L. Klimchitskaya, V.M. Mostepanenko and U. Mohideen, “Demonstration of the difference Casimir force for samples with different charge carrier densities,” Physical Review Letters, Vol. 97, Article Number: 170402 (2006).
45. F. Chen, G.L. Klimchitskaya, V.M. Mostepanenko, and U. Mohideen, “Comment on “Lateral Casimir force beyond the proximity force approximation”, Physical Review Letters, Vol. 98, Article Number:068901 (2007).
46. F. Chen, G.L. Klimchitskaya, V.M. Mostepanenko, and U. Mohideen “Demonstration of the optical modulation of dispersion forces,” Optics Express, Vol. 15, 4823 (2007).
47. F. Chen, G. L. Klimchitskaya, V. M. Mostepanenko, and U. Mohideen, "Control of the Casimir force by the modification of dielectric properties with light," Physical Review B, 035338 (2007).
48. R. Castillo-Garza, C.C. Chang, D. Jimenez, G. L. Klimchitskaya, V. M. Mostepanenko, and U. Mohideen, Experimental approaches to the difference in the Casimir force due to modifications in the optical properties of the boundary surface,” Physical Review A, Vol. 75, Art. No. 062114 (2007).
49. G.L. Klimchitskaya, U. Mohideen, V.M. Mostepanenko, “Kramers-Kronig relations for plasma-like permittivities and the Casimir force,” Journal of Physics A, Vol .40, pp. 339-346 (2007).
50. G.L. Klimchitskaya, U. Mohideen, V.M. Mostepanenko, “Pulsating Casimir Forces,” Journal of Physics A, Vol. 40, pp. F841-F847 (2007).
51. H-C. Chiu, C.C. Chang, R. Castillo-Garza, F. Chen and U. Mohideen, “Experimental procedures for precision measurements of the Casimir force with an atomic force microscope,” Journal of Physics A, 41, 164022-36 (2008).
52. W. Liu, V. Montana, V. Parpura and U. Mohideen, “Comparative energy measurements in single molecule interactions,” Biophysics Journal, Vol. 95, Pages 419-425 (2008).
53. V. Montana, W. Liu, U. Mohideen and V. Parpura, “Single molecule probing of exocytotic protein interactions using force spectroscopy,” Croatica Chemica Acta, Vol. 81(1): pages 31-40 (2008).
54. B. Geyer, G.L. Klimchitskaya, U. Mohideen and V.M. Mostepanenko, “Comment on "Precision measurement of the Casimir-Lifshitz force in a fluid". Physical Review A, Vol. 77(3): p. 3 Article Number 036102 (2008).
55. V. Parpura and U. Mohideen, “Molecular form follows function: (un)snaring the SNAREs,” Trends in Neuroscience, Vol. 31, pages: 435-443 (2008).
56. G.L. Klimchitskaya, U. Mohideen, and V.M. Mostepanenko, ”Thermal Casimir-Polder force between an atom and a dielectric plate: thermodynamics and experiment.” Journal of Physics A-Mathematical and General, Vol. 41(43): p. 9 (2008).
57. R.S. Decca, E. Fischbach, G.L. Klimchitskaya, D.E. Krause, D. Lopez, U. Mohideen, and V.M. Mostepanenko, Comment on "Anomalies in electrostatic calibrations for the measurement of the Casimir force in a sphere-plane geometry". Physical Review A, Vol. 79(2): p. 026101-1-4 (2009).
58. R.C. Castillo-Garza, C.C. Chang, Y. Dong, and U. Mohideen, “Customized silicon cantilevers for Casimir force experiments using focused ion beam milling.” Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 161: p. 012005 (9 pp.) (2009).
59. B. Geyer, G.L. Klimchitskaya, U. Mohideen, and V.M. Mostepanenko, Comment on "Thermal Lifshitz Force between an Atom and a Conductor with a Small Density of Carriers". Physical Review Letters, Vol. 102(18): p. 189301 (1 pp.) .(2009).
60. R.S. Decca, E. Fischbach, B. Geyer, G.L. Klimchitskaya, D.E. Krause, D. Lopez, U. Mohideen, and V.M. Mostepanenko, Comment on "Contribution of Drifting Carriers to the Casimir-Lifshitz and Casimir-Polder Interactions with Semiconductor Materials". Physical Review Letters, Vol. 102(18): p. 1. (2009).
61. V.M. Mostepanenko, R.S. Decca, E. Fischbach, B. Geyer, G.L. Klimchitskaya, D.E. Krause, D. Lopez and U. Mohideen, “Why screening effects do not influence the Casimir force,” Int. J. Modern Phys. A, Vol. 24, p. 1721-1742 (2009).
62. H.C. Chiu, G.L. Klimchitskaya, V.N. Marachevsky, V.M. Mostepanenko, and U. Mohideen, “Demonstration of the assymmetric lateral Casimir force between corrugated surfaces in the nonadditive regime.” Physical Review B (Rapid Communication), Vol. 80, p.121402(R), (2009).
63. G.L. Klimchitskaya, U. Mohideen and V.M. Mostepanenko, “ The Casimir force between real materials: experiment and theory,” Review of Modern Physics, Vol. 81, p.1827-85, (2009).
64. Hsiang-Chih Chiu; Mohideen, U., “Experimental features of the recent lateral Casimir force measurement,” International Journal of Modern Physics A, Vol. 25, p. 2240-51 (2010).
65. HC. Chiu, G.L. Klimchitskaya, V.N. Marachevsky, V.M. Mostepanenko, U. Mohideen, “Lateral Casimir force between sinusoidally corrugated surfaces: Asymmetric profiles, deviations from the proximity force approximation, and comparison with exact theory,” Physical Review B, Vol. 81, Article Number: 115417 (2010).
66. R. Zandi, T. Emig, U. Mohideen, “Quantum and thermal Casimir interaction between a sphere and a plate: Comparison of Drude and plasma models,” Physical Review B, Vol. 81, Article Number: 195423 (2010).
67. G.L. Klimchitskaya, U. Mohideen, V.M. Mostepanenko, “Control of the Casimir force using semiconductor test bodies,” International Journal of Modern Physics B, Vol. 25, p. 171-230 (2011).
68. V.B. Bezerr, G.L. Klimchitskaya, U. Mohideen and V.M. Mostepanenko, “Impact of surface imperfections on the Casimir force for lenses of centimeter-size curvature radii,” Physical Review B, Vol. 83, Article Number: 075417 (2011).
69. R.S. Decca, E. Fischbach, G.L. Klimchitskaya, U. Mohideen and V.M. Mostepanenko, “Capacitance measurements and electrostatic calibration in experiments measuring the Casimir force,” International Journal of Modern Physics A, Vol. 26, p. 3930-3943 (2011).
70. A.A. Banishev, C-C. Cheng, U. Mohideen, “Critical steps in data analysis for precision Casimir force measurements with semiconductor films,” International Journal of Modern Physics A, Vol. 26, p. 3900-3909 (2011).
71. C.-C. Chang, A.B.Banishev, G.L.Klimchitskaya, V. M. Mostepanenko, and U. Mohideen, “Reduction of the Casimir Force from Indium Tin Oxide Film by UV Treatment.” Physical Review Letters, 107, Art. 090403 (2011).
72. H-K. Lin, R. Zandi, U. Mohideen and L.P. Pryadko, “Fluctuation-induced forces between inclusions in a fluid membrane under tension,” Physical Review Letters, Volume: 107, Issue: 22, Article Number: 228104 (2011).
73. W. Liu, V. Montana, V. Parpura and U. Mohideen, “Single-Molecule Measurements of Dissociation Rates and Energy Landscapes of Binary trans SNARE Complexes in Parallel versus Antiparallel Orientation,” Biophysical Journal, Volume: 101 Issue: 8 Pages: 1854-1862 (2011).
74. X. Chen, W. Chen, A. Mulchandani, and U. Mohideen, “Application of displacement principle for detecting heavy metal ions and EDTA using microcantilevers,” Sensors and Actuators B-Chemical, Volume: 161 Issue: 1 Pages: 203-208 (2012).
75. A.A. Banishev, C.-C. Chang, R. Zandi and U. Mohideen, “Modulation and cancellation of the Casimir force by using radiation pressure,” Applied Physics Letters, Volume: 100, Issue: 3, Article Number: 033112 (2012).
76. A.A. Banishev, C.-C. Chang, R. Castillo-Garza, G.L. Klimchitskaya, V.M. Mostepanenko, and U. Mohideen, “Modifying the Casimir force between indium tin oxide film and Au sphere,” Physical Review B, Volume: 85, Issue: 4, Article Number: 045436 (2012).
77. C.-C. Chang, A.A. Banishev, R. Castillo-Garza, G.L. Klimchitskaya, V.M. Mostepanenko, and U. Mohideen, “Gradient of the Casimir force between Au surfaces of a sphere and a plate measured using an atomic force microscope in a frequency-shift technique,” Physical Review B, Volume: 85 Issue: 16 Article Number: 165443 (2012).
78. A.A. Banishev, C.-C. Chang, R. Castillo-Garza, G.L. Klimchitskaya, V.M. Mostepanenko, and U. Mohideen, “Measurement of the gradient of the Casimir force between a nonmagnetic gold sphere and a magnetic nickel plate,” Physical Review B, Volume: 85 Issue: 19 Article Number: 195422 (2012).
79. A.A. Banishev, C.-C. Chang, R. Castillo-Garza, G.L. Klimchitskaya, V.M. Mostepanenko, and U. Mohideen, “Observation of Reduction in Casimir Force Without, Change in Dielectric Permittivity,” International Journal of Modern Physics A, Volume: 27 Issue: 15SI Article Number: 1260001 (2012).
80. G.L. Klimchitskaya, U. Mohideen, V.M. Mostepanenko, “Constraints on non-Newtonian gravity and light elementary particles from measurements of the Casimir force by means of a dynamic atomic force microscope,” Physical Review D, Volume: 86 Issue: 6 Article Number: 065025 ( 2012).
81. E. Noruzifar, T. Emig, U. Mohideen, R. Zandi, “Collective charge fluctuations and Casimir interactions for quasi-one-dimensional metals,” Physical Review A, Volume: 86 Issue: 11 Article Number: 115449 (2012).
82. A. A. Banishev, G. L. Klimchitskaya, V. M. Mostepanenko, and U. Mohideen, "Demonstration of the Casimir Force between Ferromagnetic Surfaces of a Ni-Coated Sphere and a Ni-Coated Plate,” Physical Review Letters, 110, 137401 (2013).
83. A. A. Banishev, H. Wen, J. Xu, R. K. Kawakami, G. L. Klimchitskaya, V. M. Mostepanenko, and U. Mohideen, “Measuring the Casimir force gradient from graphene on a SiO2 substrate,” Physical Review B 87, 205433 (2013).
84. A.A. Banishev, J. Wagner, T. Emig, R. Zandi, and U. Mohideen, “Demonstration of Angle-Dependent Casimir Force between Corrugations,” Physical Review Letters 110, 250403 (2013).
85. R. Castillo-Garza and U. Mohideen, “Variable-temperature device for precision Casimir-force-gradient measurement,” Review of Scientific Instruments, 84, 025110 (2013).
86. G. L. Klimchitskaya, U. Mohideen, and V. M. Mostepanenko, “Constraints on corrections to Newtonian gravity from two recent measurements of the Casimir interaction between metallic surfaces,” Physical Review D 87, 125031 (2013).
87. A. A. Banishev, G. L. Klimchitskaya, V. M. Mostepanenko, and U. Mohideen, “Casimir interaction between two magnetic metals in comparison with nonmagnetic test bodies,” Physical Review B 88, 155410 (2013).
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